张之洞政治人格刍议——基于政治文化的视角

A Tentative Study of Zhang Zhidong’s Political Personality:From the Perspective of Political Culture

张之洞作为晚清重臣,在推动中国近代化发展中起到了重要作用。从政治文化的视角来分析张之洞的政治人格,可以发现张之洞具有典型传统意义上的君子人格,同时,又具有鲜明的调适性人格特征。张之洞的政治人格也表现出强势的主体性,将传统政治文化塑造的群体主体意识发挥到了极致,却没能完成以张扬个体主体意识为主要特征的近代政治人格的升华。虽然如此,张之洞能审时度势,调适其中,对中国的近代发展有丰功伟绩,亦可誉为"圣之时者也"。

As an important minister of the late Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong played a big role in China＇ s develop- ment in its modern history. This paper analyzes Zhang Zhidong＇ s political personality from the perspective of political culture. Our analysis shows that he had the personality of a typical traditional Junzi and a striking character of adjustability. Zhang Zhidong＇ s political personality also features eminent subjectivity which brought into full dis- play collective subjective consciousness cultivated by traditional political culture but failed to achieve the sublimation of modern political personality characterized by flaunting individual subjective consciousness. Nonetheless, Zhang Zhidong could size up situations and make due adaptations. Therefore, he made great contributions to the development of modern China and has been tightly regarded as ＂sage of the time＂.