某军事区域土壤重金属污染状况及其评价

State and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution of Soil from a Military Area

以华北某军事区域的打靶场为研究对象，监测并分析了土壤中重金属Pb和Cu的质量比，分别为25．90～396．50mg／kg，12．13～5173．00mg／kg；并采用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价了采样区的污染状况。评价结果表明：Pb和Cu的单因子污染指数在落弹区最高，分别达到了390．12和4．61，内梅罗综合污染指数达到了308．88；落弹区剖面分析结果显示打靶场土壤1m左右深度的重金属含量依然很高，表明在落弹区Pb和cu的污染尤为严重。分析认为弹头是重金属污染的主要来源，残留在土壤中的弹头会给土壤带来持久性的重金属污染。

In this paper,a target practice field in a military area in the north of China is investigated. The content of heavy metals Pb and Cn in the soil is monitored and analyzed,which are 25.90 - 396.50 mg/kg and 12.13 -5 173.00 mg/kg respectively. Evaluation of the pollution in the sampling area through the single factor index method and the composite pollution index Nemrow method shows that ： the single-factor pollution indexes of Pb and Cu have been the highest in the area of dropping bombs, which reaches 390.12 and 4.61 respectively, and composite pollution index reaches 308.88. The profile analysis of soil shows that, the content of heavy metals is still high at depth of about 1 m,illustrating that the pollution of Pb and Cu is particularly serious in the area of dropping bombs. The author consider that the warhead is the major source of heavy metal pollution, the warhead residue in the soil could lead to lasting soil contamination of heavy metals.