谓语位置上的“笑_1”“笑_2”组合功能差异试析

An Analysis on Composition Function Differences between "Xiao_1"and "Xiao_2" when Acted as Predicate

"笑1""笑2"在词典中被视为一个词的两个义项,但两者作谓语时组合功能差异较大,即"笑1"常与时间及描摹性成分组合,但不能与表示受事及原因的成分组合;"笑2"很少与时间及描摹性成分组合,但必须与表示受事及原因的成分组合。这种组合功能上的差异与"笑1""笑2"在词汇语义方面的差异有关。两者的词汇语义差异主要体现为三点:"非及物"与"及物"之别,"动态"与"静态"之别以及"中性"与"消极"之别。

＂Xiao1 ＂and ＂Xiao2＂were regarded as two semantic items of ＂Xiao＂in dictionary. But there were many combinational function differences between them when they acted as predicate separately. ＂Xiao1 ＂often composed with time and description composition, but＂Xiao2＂seldom. ＂Xiao2＂should compose with patient and caution composition, but ＂Xiao1＂should not. These obvious differences would be affected by lexical semantics. And these mainly differences in lexical semantics were as following three aspects; ＂non-transitive＂and＂transitive＂, ＂dynamic＂and＂ static＂, ＂neutrality＇and ＂negative＂.