士绅阶层衰落化过程中的乡村政治——以20世纪二三十年代的浙江省为例

The Rural Politics in the Declining Process of the Rural Elite Class:Zhejiang Province in the 1920s and 1930s

士绅阶层是影响乡村政治的一支重要政治力量。在晚清科举废除过程中,其作为社会文化重心的独特地位逐渐被动摇。随着民国时期新教育的不断扩张及新知识阶层离乡步伐的加速,乡村士绅出现了严重的侵蚀化现象。优秀分子的离开及乡村管理者的食利倾向使得士绅群体迅速劣质化,整个乡村政治处于破产和崩溃边缘。

The rural elite class made up a very influential force in the rural politics. With the abolition of the civil service exam system in the late Qing Dynasty, the position of this elite class as the socio-cultural center was gradually undermined. In the times of the Republic of China, the class was eroded away by the continuous expansion of the new education and the departure of the new class of intellectuals for the city. The excellent members＇ leaving their home villages and the rural administrators＇ seeking personal interests made the rural elite class corrupt rapidly, brining the rural politics to the edge of bankruptcy.