基于主观偏好和景观空间指标的农业景观特征偏好模型:以北京市11个农业景观特征区域为例

Agricultural landscape preferential model from subjective preference and spatial landscape index:A case study of the characteristics of 11 agricultural landscape partitions in Beijing

本研究以北京市11个农业景观特征区域的真实照片为评价资料,通过对46位环境相关专业大学生进行的平衡非完全区组排序评判测试得到他们对不同景观照片的偏好数值。以250m为边长的正三角形在2006年110000土地利用图上截取出照片所对应的数据,根据这些数据计算了反映该照片景观特征的空间格局指数。利用多元逐步回归,以相对应的空间格局指数以及主观判断得到的绿色覆盖度和管理水平等共11个指标,分别针对不同景观特征区域构建景观偏好模型。研究表明,除各指标在权重上的差异外,有些指标在不同特征区域内,甚至在对景观偏好影响的方向上都有所差异:绿色覆盖度、管理水平、斑块黏合度、斑块聚合程度、分维度指数均体现出对景观可视偏好的正向影响,开阔地比例在可视范围体现了对景观偏好的逆向影响,而斑块数量、蔓延度、最大斑块指数、干扰比例和林地比例在不同景观特征分区内则表现不同的影响趋向。

Balanced Incomplete Block-Laws of Comparative Judgement （BIB-LCJ） test was conducted to obtain the people＇s visual landscape preferences with a preferential-based test for actual landscape pictures in 11 agricultural landscape partitions in Beijing.46 undergraduates majoring in relevant environmental sciences were recruited for the test.For each picture,windows in equilateral triangular shape with 250 m side length were defined to cover different areas corresponding to the visual field.The data from the areas in the land use map of Beijing in 2006 at a scale of 1：10 000 was analyzed using landscape spatial indices.Eleven indices,including 9 landscape spatial indices,level of management and proportion of green,were used as independent variables,and multiple stepwise was used to establish the landscape visual preference models of various landscape partitions in Beijing.The analysis show that green proportion,management level,patch cohesion index,aggregation index,fractal index distribution have positive effect,and proportion of openness has negative effect on landscape visual preferences in the partitions.Patch number,contagion,largest patch index,proportion of disturbance and proportion of forest have different correlations with landscape visual preferences in different partitions.