酚酸类他感物质对毛竹实生苗生长的影响

Allelopathic effect of phenolic acids on Phyllostachys edulis seedlings

为了解酚酸类他感物质对竹子生长的影响,笔者利用盆栽试验研究了外施不同浓度酚酸溶液对毛竹实生苗生长的影响,测定了竹株的净光合速率、叶绿素含量、地上和地下部分生物量以及分蘖、生根等多项指标。结果表明:外施不同浓度的酚酸类溶液对毛竹实生苗生长产生一定的抑制作用,且表现出随浓度上升抑制作用增强的趋势。4种酚酸及酚酸混合液对竹叶净光合速率的影响分别达到极显著和显著水平,高浓度的4种酚酸及酚酸混合液降低了幼苗叶绿素含量。250 mg/L的香豆酸、阿魏酸和对羟基苯甲酸处理液对幼苗立茎数的影响均达到了显著水平;500 mg/L的4种酚酸及酚酸混合液对幼苗叶片数和地上生物量的影响均达显著水平;1 000 mg/L的4种酚酸及酚酸混合液对苗高、幼苗根数生长的影响均达显著水平;1 000 mg/L的香豆酸、阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸、混合酚酸对幼苗根长生长的影响均达到显著水平;2 000 mg/L的阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸、混合酚酸对地下生物量的影响均达显著水平。由此推断,因覆盖而积累于竹林土壤中的大量酚酸会对竹子生长起抑制作用,这可能是导致竹林衰退减产的原因之一。

In order to investigate allelopathic effect of phenolic acids on the growth of bamboo, effects of phenolic acids at different concentrations on Phyllostachys edulis seedlings were studied by potted experiment. Rate of photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, amount of overground and underground biomass, amount of tillering and rhizogenesis of seedlings were determined. The results indicated that growth, of Phyllostachys edulis seedlings were inhibited by different concentrations of pbenolic acids and their mixture, and the inhibition effect was increased along with the increase of solution concentration. Four kinds of the solution of phenolic acids and their mixture had significant and extremely significant effect on rate of photosynthesis. High-concentration of 4 kinds of the solution of phenolic acids and their mixture reduced the chlorophyll of seedlings. The solution of ρ-coumaric acid, ferulie acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid at 250 mg/L all had significant effect on the stem amount of seedlings. The solution of 4 kinds of phenolic acids and their mixture at 500 mg/L all had significant effect on the leaves amount and biomass of above portion of seedlings. The solution of 4 kinds of phenolic acids and their mixture at 1 000 mg/L all had significant effect on the stem height and root amount of seedlings. The solution of ρ-coumaric acid, fenrulic acid, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid and mixture of phenolic acids at 1 0130 mg/L all had significant effect on the root length of seedlings. The solution of ferulic acid, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid and mixture of phenolic acids at 2 000 mg/L all had significant effect on the biomass of underground portion of seedlings. In general, high concentration of phenolic acids accumulated in soil by covering might have inhibition effect on bamboo growth, which might be one of the reasons to bamboo forest declining.