元代历史剧君臣观念的民主色彩

Democratic Color in the Emperor-Minister-Relationship of Yuan-dynasty Historical Plays

元代特殊的社会政治背景和时代氛围,使元人尤其是沦落于社会底层的元杂剧作家的价值指标体系发生了变化,对现存政治的不认同,对汉族政权的缅怀,使他们的君臣观念更多地回归轴心时代。本文从赞赏对无道君主复仇行为,摘掉帝王神圣光环、否定愚忠,忠孝关系中向孝倾斜等三方面,分析了元代历史剧中的这种具有一定民主色彩君臣观念。

The special social background and political atmosphere of the Yuan dynasty change the value system of the people, especially those Zaju opera writers who live at the lowest level of the society. They disagree with the existing politics and reminisce of the Han - nationality authorities ; therefore, their ideas on the emperor - minister relationship return to Axial Age. The present article analyzes the emperor - minister relationship with certain democratic color in Yuan - dynasty historical plays in the three aspects of removing the sacred aura from the emperors, negating blind loyalty and preferring filial piety in the piety -loyalty relation.