蠡湖鱼类群落结构及物种多样性的空间特征

Composition of Fishes and Spatial Analysis of Biodiversity in Lihu Lake

为研究蠡湖渔业资源的种群组成结构特点，了解蠡湖渔业资源多样性的时空变化规律，于2007年5月至2008年4月在蠡湖设置了10个采样点，调查和分析了蠡湖渔业资源种类和优势种以及群落多样性。结果表明：调查期间，青梢红鲐（Erythroculter dabryi Bleeker）和湖鲚（Coilia ectenes taihuensis）是各个监测站点的优势品种；各个站点Shannon—Wiener多样性指数（H’）介于1．26～2．89之间，依此判定蠡湖渔业资源群落的多样性和丰富度属于正常水平。渔父岛和鹿丁山以及渔父岛和水上明月站点间H’和Wilhm改进指数（H”）差异显著（P〈0．05），其余站点间H’差异均不显著（P〉0．05）；10个站点间J差异均不显著（P〉0．05）。运用GIS软件分析，西蠡湖的生物多样性指数和均匀度指数明显高于东蠡湖（以宝界桥为界）。

The characteristic of species composition and spatial-temporal of biodiversity on fisheries resources in Lihu Lake was introduced. From May 2007 to April 2008, fisheries resources, dominant species composition and biodiversity of community were analyzed through setting up 10 sampling stations in Lihu Lake. The results showed that Erythrocrdter dabryi Bleeker and Coilia ectenes taihuensis was dominant species of each sampling station. Biodiversity of each sampling station was between 1.26 and 2. 89 indicated that diversity and abundance of Lihu Lake were normal. There was significant difference of biodiversity between Yufudao station and Ludingshan station and between Yufudao station and Shuishangmingyue station （P 〈0. 05）. GIS was applied to spatial-temporal analysis of biodiversity in Lihu Lake. The result showed that biodiversity of west part of Lihu Lake was obviously higher than that of east of Lihu Lake.