纳米间隙电极的制备及应用

Preparation and Application of Nanogap Electrodes

综述了国内外纳米间隙电极的制备方法,其中主要包括扫描隧道显微镜法、Hg滴法、机械断裂法、微加工法、电迁移法、电化学法等,对每种方法的制备过程及原理进行了较详细的介绍;对每种纳米间隙电极在分子电子学方面的应用,特别是对利用纳米间隙电极测定单分子的I-V性质、制作分子整流器和分子晶体管等工作做了简单介绍。突出了纳米间隙电极在分子器件研究中的重要作用;最后讨论了分子电子学所面临的一些问题并对该领域的发展方向作出了展望。

The fabrication methods of nanogap electrodes are reviewed, mainly including scanning tunneling microscopy （STM）, Hg drop method, mechanically controllable break junction （MCBJ） method, micro-fabrication technique, electromigration and electrochemical methods, and so on. The fabrication process and principle are introduced in detail and the applications of nanogap electrodes in molecular electronics iare,also presented, including determining I-V characteristic by nanogap electrodes, preparing molecular rectifiers and molecular transistors, etc. The important role of nanogap electrodes in the study of molecular device is emphasized. The problems and development trend in this field are also reviewed.