苦瓜种质遗传多样性的RAPD和ISSR分析

Genetic Diversity of Bitter Gourd(Momordica charantia L.) based on RAPD and ISSR

采用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术对38份苦瓜种质进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：10个RAPD和10个ISSR51物分别扩增出93条和81条带，多态性比率分别为50．54％和61．29％；RAPD和ISSR标记检测供试材料的遗传相似性系数（Gs）范围，分别为0．287～1和0．221～1，ISSR（平均GS值0．672）检测多态性效果高于RAPD（平均G5值0．694）。RAPD标记聚类分析将供试种质分为3个类群6组，分类结果与苦瓜瓜瘤的表型分类比较相似；ISSR标记聚类分析将供试种质分为3个类群7组，ISSR标记划分类群与形态上以颜色分类比较接近。RAPD和ISSR标记的遗传相似性系数呈显著相关（r=0．550）。两个标记整合后聚类分析可检测到更大的遗传变异，结果与苦瓜的农艺性状分类和地理分布有一定的相关性。

Random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD）and inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR）molecular markers were used to detect the genetic diversity among 38 bitter gourd （Momordica charantia L. ）. The results showed that 93 and 81 bands were obtained by RAPD and ISSR markers amplified through 10 selected primers respectively. The PPB （percentage of polymorphic bands）in ISSR detection（61.29% ）was higher than that in RAPD （50.54%）. The similarity coefficient ranging from 0. 287 to 1 and from 0. 221 to 1 respectively, and the ISSR （ mean value of GS was 0. 672） was more efficient than RAPD （ mean value of GS was 0. 694）. The germplasms were divided into three main cluster groups and six inferior groups by RAPD, which was similarly with the phenotype classification of bitter gourd protuberance, and it also could be divided into three main cluster groups and seven inferior groups by ISSR,which was consistent with the color classification of bitter gourd. The significant correlation between RAPD and ISSR markers was observed （r = 0. 550）. Combining with two methods would more suitable for the analysis of genetic diversity, and the result was related to the phenotype classification and geographical distribution.