群体选择中的弱独裁原则

On the Weak Dictatorial Principle in Choice

从一开始,群体选择理论就受到否定性结论的缠绕,这些否定性结论的本质在于选择理论中不存在"理性"选择过程满足所有的"自然的"、可能的要求必备的条件,所以每个选择过程至少存在一些缺点。偏好选择情结先天在根植于人类的大脑之中,尤其更为根深蒂固地存在决策者的思想中。偏好选择情结是说,面临选择时人们总是选择优于或无差异于其它方案的某个方案。偏好选择情结被认为是理性选择原则。理性选择定理给出了群体及成员所接受的寻求满意方案的方法。然而,通过分析理性选择定理在一些特殊事例中的应用,得出作为理性选择原则的偏好选择情结是弱独裁原则。

Since its very beginning, group decision making has been plagued by negative results, their es- sence is that no ＂rational＂ choice procedure satisfied all ＂natural＂, or plausible requirements, so each choice procedure has at least one serious drawback. The complex of preferential choice （ CPC）, that people always choose one alternative which prefers to or is indifferent with all the other alternatives, is transcendentally implan- ted in human mind especially decision maker＇ s mind when facing choice. CPC can be deemed as rational choice principle. Based on this, the paper proposed and proved rational choice theorem, and gave a reasonable method to find one alternative accepted by the group of individuals as a whole. However, through analyzing application of rational choice theorem to special cases, this paper demonstrated that CPC as rational choice principle is a weak dictator principle.