SRTM DEM数据提取河网方法及影响因素研究

Method and Study of Impacting Factors for Extracting River Channel Network from SRTM DEM Data

从数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Models,DEM)直接提取河网及相关流域信息,是分布式水文模型开发与应用的基础。珠江三角洲地区是中国经济最发达的地区之一,是世界上公认范围最大、结构最复杂的网河流域。研究该地区河网分布及流域特征,对于流域的整体规划和水资源的有序配置具有重要意义。文中首先讨论了基于栅格DEM取流域河网水系特征信息的基本方法;然后基于SRTM DEM数据,以珠江三角洲地区为例给出了利用Arc/Info实现河网提取的具体步骤,实现了大范围区域内的流域特征信息的快速提取;最后对比分析珠江三角洲分流域河网特征。

River network and related watershed information directly derived from DEM is the basis of development and application of distributed hydrological models.The Pearl River Delta area is one of the most developed economy area of China,and one of the largest net-river areas with complex structure in the world.The studies of distributed river network and watershed are very important to the watershed plan and water resource optimization and utilization.Firstly discussed the basic method of extracting river channel network of watershed based on grid DEM data, then introduced the detailed procedures of river channel network extraction by using a GIS oftware Arc/lnfo and presented a case study in Pearl River Delta area for rapid extracting river channel characteristic information in large- scale areas. Finally, the characteristics of river channel network at sub- watersheds of Pearl River Delta area were compared.