中小化工企业中低频噪声听力防护调查

Hearing Protection in The Mid-low-frequency Noise in Medium and Small Chemical Enterprises

目的了解中小化工企业中低频噪声听力防护情况,并且分析在中低频噪声的防护效果。方法测量广东省12家中小化工企业工作场所中职业性噪声强度和频谱,对接触噪声的114名工人和对照组108名工人进行了纯音听力检查,结合现场噪声监测结果,分析工人听力损伤特点。结果调查工作场所中工人接触噪声主频率为中低频稳态噪声,噪声强度为70.6～96.2dB(A),观察组与对照组1kHz以上各频段听力损失均值差异均有统计学意义(F=9.1,P<0.01),但是1kHz以下频率听力损失均值差异均无统计学意义。结论中低频职业噪声对接触者听力产生危害,对于1kHz频率以下的低频噪声危害应当尽快制定防护措施。

[Objective]To understand the hearing protection in the mid-low-frequency noise in medium and small chemical enterprises, and analyze the protective effect in the mid-low-frequency noise. [ Methods ] Occupational noise intensity and spectrum in the workplace of 12 medium and small chemical enterprises were measured ; 114 workers with noise exposure and 108 workers in the control group were tested pure tone audiometry. The characteristics of workers hearing impairment were analyzed according to on-site noise monitoring. [ Results] The investigation showed that the exposed noise was steady-state low-frequency noise, noise intensity was between 70.6 and 96.2dB { A }. Mean difference in above lkHz frequency hearing loss between observation group and control group was significant （F =9.1, P 〈0.01}, but there was no significant difference in below 1 kHz frequency hearing loss. [ Conclusion] Mid-low-frequency noise harms the hearing of people with exposure. It is necessary to develop protective measures for below 1 kHz low frequency noise hazard as soon as possible.