一起幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation on An Outbreak of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease in A Kindergarten

目的分析一起幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情的原因与处理结果,为完善手足口病防治措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法进行调查,并采集患儿咽拭子、肛拭子、急性期血标本进行实验室检查,分离病原。结果该幼儿园共发病30例,主要集中在2～4周岁,重症病例1例,罹患率为14.1%,流行期18d。临床症状以口腔疱疹、手足出现红疹为主。实验室检测出肠道病毒EV71病毒株。结论晨午检、消毒等制度未落实、家长防护意识淡薄是造成该园手足口病暴发的主要原因,落实晨午检制度,早期隔离患儿,倡导幼儿养成良好的卫生习惯、加强重点物表的消毒是控制手足口病流行的关键。

[ Objective] To analyze the cause and processing results of the outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease in a kindergarten, and provide scientific evidence for completing the control measures. [ Methods ] Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted for investigation. Throat swabs, anus swabs and blood sample of acute phase were collected for laboratory test and separation of pathogen. [ Results] Totally 30 cases were reported in this kindergarten, most cases were children aged 2 ~ 4 years, with 1 severe case, 14.1% of attack rate, 18 days of epidemic stage. The main clinical symptoms were herpes of mouth and roseola on hands and feet. Enterevirus EV71 strains were found out in laboratory examination. [ Conclusion] Absence of morning and noon inspection and parents＇weak protective consciousness are main reasons leading to the outbreak of hand, foot and mouse disease in the kindergarten. The key measures to control the outbreak of hand, foot and mouse disease were to carry out morning and noon inspection, to separate suffered infants at early stage, to propose cultivation of good health habit of infants and enhance the disinfection of object surfaces.