连云港市58例狂犬病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of 58 Rabies Cases in Lianyungang City

目的分析连云港市狂犬病流行特征,探讨一年来狂犬病发病率急剧升高的原因,并提出相应防制对策。方法收集2003年7月—2004年12月连云港市狂犬病病人个案调查表进行分析。结果58例病例中,因犬咬伤致发病的55例(94.8%),发病人群以农民为主(72.4%);大部分病人(87.9%)伤口未处理或只自行处理,74.1%的病例未接种狂犬疫苗。结论养犬数增多且免疫接种率低、伤口未经医院正规处理、未接种狂犬疫苗是我市狂犬病发病率陡然上升的原因。因此,应建立狂犬病防制工作长效管理机制,提高犬类免疫接种率,提倡圈养,加强农村地区狂犬病防制力度。

[ Objective] To analyze the epidemiological feature of rabies in Lianyungang city, explore the reasons for sharp increase of the incidence since last year. [ Methods] The questionnaires of rabies cases from July 2003 to December 2004 in Lianyungang city were collected and analyzed. [ Results] There were 55 （ 94.8% ） cases were infected by dog bite in 58 cases, and most of cases were peasants （ 72.4% ）. The wounds of most cases （ 87.9% ） were not treated or improperly treated by themselves, and 74.1% of cases had not been inoculated with rabies vaccine. [ Conclusion] The reasons of sharp increase of the incidence of rabies included increas- ing number of pet dogs with low inoculation rate, wounds without correct treatment, and absence of rabies vaccine inoculation. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a long effective administrative mechanism for the prevention and treatment of rabies, raise the inoculation rate of dogs, advocate captive, and enhance the prevention and treatment force of rabies in country.