不同叶龄插秧对北方粳稻产量与质量的影响

Effects of Different Leaf Age Transplanting on Yield and Quality of North Japonica Rice

利用粳稻品种农大3号，通过分期育苗形成不同叶龄（2．5叶、3．5叶、4．5叶和5．5叶）秧苗，采取同期插秧、同期收获的方法研究了不同叶龄插秧对北方粳稻产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明：吉林省适宜的插秧叶龄为4．5片叶，叶龄高于或低于4．5片叶都会导致单穴粒重、单穴穗数、饱满千粒重、混合千粒重、饱满粒率、经济系数及生物产量下降：在一定的叶龄范围内（2．5～5．5片叶），提高插秧期的叶龄有助于提高精米率、整精米率、长宽比、胶稠度和食味；降低垩白率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量，小苗移栽（≤3．5片叶）不利于提高产量和品质：

Effects of different leaf age transplanting on yield and quality of rice was studied by means of sowing by stage and forming different leaf age （2. 5, 3.5,4. 5, 5.5leaves） seedling and adopting homoehronous transplanting and harvest By u- sing japonica variety Nongda 3. The result showed that the suitable leaf age for transplanting was 4. 5 leaves, and leaf age a- bove or below 4. 5 leaves lead to grain weight, panicles of boll, full - 1000 - grain weight, mix - 1000 - grain weight, full grain percentage, economic coefficient and biological yield decreased. Increasing transplant rice leaf age conduced to in- crease milled rice rate, head rice rate, length/wide, gel consistency, sapor and amylose and chalk grain rate, chalkiness also decreased obviously. Plantlet seedling （ ≤ 3.5 leaves） transplanting went against to increase yield and quality.