矿井不明水体突出过程的微震辨识技术

IDENTIFICATION OF WATER INRUSH PROCESS OF UNKNOWN WATER BODY USING MICROSEISMIC MONITORING TECHNIQUE

以采动岩体微破裂产生的弹性波为信息源,应用弹性波与岩体破裂的相关理论与技术,探索地下采空区不明水体的蓄积和成灾过程。经研究发现,在突水灾害前存在确切的弹性波波速比VP/VS低值异常、振幅比VSH/VPH高值异常、震动主频低值异常、波形变异以及隔水岩墙主破裂发生前的微震频度异常。由此提出应用地面微震遥测技术,通过在线监测和分析采动岩体破裂被动震源或增设爆破主动震源所携带的信息,预测矿井不明水体突出灾害的技术思路,达到空间上控制全矿井范围的宏观监测、时间上在线连续监测和远离危险源的安全监测之目的。

The process of underground water accumulation and inrush based on the elastic waves generated by rock fracturing is investigated. It is found that before water inrush, there are a few distinct phenomena such as irregularity of wave velocity ratio Vp/Vs in the low value range, irregularity of amplitude ratio VSH/VPH in the high value range, and irregularity of major frequency in the low value range, waveform change, and quietness of microseismic activities before the fracturing of the main wall which bears water. It is proposed to use surface microseismic monitoring technique to detect unknown water body and reduce water inrush risks in deep mines. This technique can monitor and analyze the information carried in the seismic waves from either rock fracturing or blasting. The remote monitoring can be realized with the proposed method for the whole mine in real time for the monitoring is far way from the source, thus the presented method is deemed as a safe monitoring technique.