硫肥对大蒜形态特征、抗病性和产量的影响

Effect of Sulphur Fertilizer on Morphological Characteristics,Disease Resistance and Yield of the Garlic

【目的】为大蒜种植合理施用硫肥提供科学的参考依据。【方法】以新疆白蒜为试验材料，研究了不同施硫磺处理对大蒜植株株高、假茎粗、单株叶面积、锈病病株率、鳞茎产量和蒜苔产量的影响，【结果】施硫处理是蒜地施硫磺12kg／667m^2，与对照不施硫相比，大蒜植株增高7．8％、假茎增粗17．5％、叶面积增大33．3％，大蒜锈病的病株率降低80％，单位面积鳞茎产量增加14．1％、蒜苔产量增加了16．1％。施硫磺在0～12kg／667m^2范围内，大蒜产量随施硫量的增加而增加，当施硫量超过12kg／667m^2时，产量随前者增加而减少。【结论】新疆阿合奇蒜区施用硫磺能促进大蒜的生长发育，增加大蒜的株高、假茎粗和单株叶面积，增强植株抗锈病能力，提高鳞茎和蒜苔产量。

[Objective and Method]The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of sulphur fertilizer using garlic plant height, stem diameter, leaf area per plant,rate of rust diseased plant, yield of the bulb and the flower stalk of garlic by use of the Xinjiang White Garlic as material. [Result]The result showed that sulphur fertilizer could accelerate the garlic＇s growth and development in Xinjiang Aheqi garlic area, increase garlic plant height, the stem diameter and the leaf area per plant, enhance the capacity of rust resistance,increase yield of the bulb and the flower stalk of garlic. It is better that the application of sulphur fertilizer was 12 kg/667m^2. To compare with no sulphur , the garlic plant height was increased by 7.8%, the stem diameter increased by 17.5% the leaf area increased by 33.3%, the rate of rust diseased plant reduced by 80%, the bulb yield per unit area increased by 14. 1%, the yield of the flower stalk of garlic increased by 16.1%. When the sulphur was within 0 - 12 kg/667 m^2, [ Conclusion]the yield of the garlic was increased with the increasing of sulphur fertilizer. However, when the sulphur was exceeded by 12 kg/667 m^2, the yield was decreased.