知识属性对选择企业联盟模式的影响

Influence of Knowledge Attributes on the Selection of Enterprise Alliance Mode

首先分析了不同知识的特性,将不同种类的知识放在一个光谱上,光谱一端是公共产品性质的显性知识,另一端是根植于企业内的隐性知识,各种知识的属性,包括知识转让成本、可观察性、被侵占的结果、信息不对称、知识披露困境、定价困难和知识产权保护的重要性,在光谱上的分布是不同的;其次,讨论了知识的可编码性、新颖性、复杂性和可教性,及其知识需求方的学习吸收能力和知识根植于供给方内部的隐性程度对企业联盟模式选择的影响。

This paper develops theory regarding how attributes of corporate knowledge influence the selection of alliance governance mode. Different types of corporate knowledge are placed on a spectrum, with the explicit knowledge of the public production property at its one end and the deeply embedded knowledge at the other side. Hypotheses are developed regarding knowledge characteristics such as transfer costs, consequences of appropriation, observability, information asymmetry between negotiating partners, the difficulty of valuing knowledge, and the disclosure dilemma. Next, hypotheses are presented on the choice of alliance governance mode as determined by knowledge attributes （ codification, newness, complexity, and teachability） and partner characteristics （such as knowledge absorptive capacity）.