高能超声作用下数种金属基复合材料的制备及机制

PREPARATION OF SEVERAL TYPES OF METALMATRIX COMPOSITES IN HIGH INTENSITY ULTRASONIC FIELD

利用高能超声振动制备了Ａｌ／陶瓷，ＺＡ２２／陶瓷（粒子平均直径２μ），Ａｌ／Ｐｂ（Ｐｂ粒子直径＜２５μ）和Ａｌ／ＦｅＡｌ３等金属基复合材料，弥散相在基体中有良好的分布均匀性。依据超声波对熔体作用时的空化和声流效应，讨论了上述数种复合材料的制备机制。试验结果显示，该项技术在制备数类金属基复合材料方面具有广泛的适用性。

Several types of metalmatrix composites — Al/ceramic, Zn22%Al/ceramic (2μ average size of ceramic particles), Al/Pb(lead droplets<25μ) and Al/FeAl3 were prepared in high intensity ultrasonic field, with dispersed second phases distributed homogeneously in metal matrix. Based on the effects of cavitation and acoustic streaming caused by ultrasound propagating in melt, the mechanisms for the preparation of the above composites were discussed. The experimental results showed that such a technique is widely applicable in the fabrication of metal matrix composites.