中国古代社会私有财产权利分析

On the Private Property and Related Idea in Ancient China

本文分析了中国古代社会私有产权,依据产权经济学分别考察了古代社会中土地私有产权、商人产权以及关于私有产权的观念,通过对土地私有产权的分析发现,古代土地私有产权处于残缺的状态,而且土地所有权与使用权相分离,土地收益权不完整,土地转让权也受到诸多限制;同时,商人的产权也屡受侵犯,表现在政府对商人财富的侵夺,以及商人的经营范围受到诸多限制。最后,回顾了自战国直至明清时期关于私有产权的观念,发现关于私有产权的观念主要是"抑私",即对私有产权的抑制。

This article analyzed private property in ancient China. According to Institutional Economics, we analyzed private property of land, merchant private property and the related idea in ancient China. The result shows that the private property of land was uncompleted; at the same time, the private property of merchant was disrupted by the government. Finally, we introduced the ideas about private property from Zhanguo period to Ming and Qing dynasty and it was the idea about anti-private.