承继与过渡:清末徽州族学转型探析

Inheritance and Transition:Analysis of the Transformation of Huizhou Clans School in Late Qing Dynasty

在近代新式教育洪流的裹挟下,构成明清徽州教育资源主要内容的族学,接受新式教育思想,推广新式教育体制,教学内容与教学程式发生深刻变化,开启了近代转型的步伐。清末徽州族学的转型建立在对传统族学资源充分利用的基础之上,先前维系族学发展的各种款项被悉数移作学堂经费,从中不难看出徽州宗族兴学重教传统的一贯延续。时代局限性与乡村社会的实际运行特点,决定了清末徽州族学的转型只是一个开端,进入民国以后,新式族学依然担纲基层社会初等教育重任并继续保持发展的态势。

The transformation of the Clans schools in Huizhou in late Qing Dynasty was achieved on the foundation of ;ully absorbing the traditional resources of clans school, and the funds maintaining those schools were all allocated to the new schools. Moreover, the transformation was also started in the background of founding and developing new educational system. Therefore the content and style of education took profound changes. We can find the continuation of the tradition of attaching importance to education and constructing schools in Huizhou clans without fail. In the Republic of China period, clans schools still played a big role in primary education and continued to develop.