中国弹弦乐器柳琴的声功率级测试

Sound Power Level Measurement for Chinese Plucked Stringed Instrument Liuqin

柳琴是民乐队中重要的弹奏乐器之一.介绍了在混响室内对4弦29品柳琴声功率级的测量研究工作.两位资深乐师用各自的柳琴在混响室中分别以pp、mp、f和ff 4种力度演奏3个代表性的单音g、d2与g3以及音阶和乐曲.采用4个通道同步测试技术,测量柳琴分别演奏上述内容时混响室内4个传声器位置处的1/3倍频带声压级,通过平均和计算,获得柳琴在不同演奏力度下演奏不同内容时的典型平均声功率级和动态范围.考虑到与人主观听音感受的关系,建议采用柳琴在f力度下演奏音阶时的平均声功率级作为其声功率级的代表数值.

Liuqin is one of the plucked stringed instruments used in Chinese national orchestra. In this study,sound＇power level （SWL）measurements of Liuqin with 4 strings and 29 frets have been performed in a reverberation chamber,where two qualified musicians performed on their Liuqins respectively. The sound pressure levels of 1/3 octave band were measured by 4-channel acoustical measurement setup and typical values of the radiated sound power levels of Liuqins were calculated through averaging when 3 representative single notes g ,d2 and g3 ,a music scale and a folk song were performed at pp ,rap ,f and ff dynamic levels respectively. Considering the fact that subjective acoustical sensation correlates well with the forte level in a music hall ,the forte sound power level when a musical scale is performed is suggested as the representative value of sound power level of the Liuqin.