强降雨条件下坡面流的水动力学特性研究

Study on Characteristics of Overland Flow With Higher Rain Intensity

为了研究坡面水流的运动规律及水力特性,基于人工降雨系统试验装置通过系列恒定强降雨过程,研究了不同坡度条件下坡面流水动力学变化过程。结果表明:不同坡长处,流速随坡度的变化存在明显差异,但随着雨强的增大,坡长对流速的影响逐渐减小;相同雨强条件下不同坡度间的流量变化较小,流量随着雨强的增大而增大;相同坡度条件下,坡面流水深及单宽流量与雨强具有较好的函数关系。

Because of rainfall characteristics and disturbance,channel and other natural or artificial factors,overland flow differs from open channel flow in many aspects. In order to study the motion law and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow,relationships between hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow and rain intensity on the different gradient slopes have been studied by means of series of artificial raining experiments. The results indicated that when the rain intensity increases,the slope length is less influence on overland velocity,flow velocity changes with the slope is different in the different slope lengths;In the same rainfall intensity,the changes of discharges between different slope gradients is small,and the discharge increases with the rainfall intensity increasing;In the same slope gradient,mean water depth and the unit discharge are all better functions of rainfall intensity.