不同农艺措施条件下稻田田面水总氮动态变化特征研究

Study on Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen in Surface Water of Paddy Field under Different Agronomic Measures

通过盆栽试验,对稻田田面水总氮在不同农艺措施条件下动态变化规律进行了研究,并对该规律进行了数字拟合,以便为控制稻田氮素流失提供理论依据和技术途径。结果表明:田面水总氮浓度在施肥后第一天达到高峰,随着时间的推移不断降低,并且在每次施肥后7～9d下降到较低水平;施肥水平和田面水总氮浓度呈正相关关系;施肥方式对田面水总氮有较大影响,随着施肥深度加深,田面水总氮含量逐渐降低;不同肥料种类对田面水总氮亦有影响,全部施用复合肥处理浓度最大,施用复合肥+碳铵处理浓度最小;有机肥作为缓释肥料在试验初期对田面水总氮贡献不大;沙土较粘壤土处理田面水总氮浓度大。

In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical means for controlling the loss of nitrogen in paddy field,the paper researched the rule of dynamic changes of TN in surface water of paddy field on the condition of different agronomic measures by potted plant test,and fitted the rule. The result showed that the concentration of TN in surface water reached its maximum value at the first day after fertilization,then it was decreasing with time,and descended to a low level 7 to 9 days after fertilization;there was a positive correlation between the fertilization level and the concentration of TN in surface water;the fertilization mode had a big effect on TN in surface water,the content of TN in surface water would depress with the deepening of fertilization depth;different kinds of fertilizers also had effects on TN in surface water,the concentration would reach its maximum by using compound fertilizer,and it would get the minimum by applying compound fertilizer plus ammonium bicarbonate;as a slow-release fertilizer,organic fertilizer had little contribution to the content of TN at the beginning of the trial;the concentration by dealing with sandy soil was bigger than clay loam.