不同覆盖措施对鸡粪堆肥氨挥发的影响

Influence of Different Cover Materials on NH_3 Volatilization from Chicken Manure Composting

采用箱式抽气法对不同鸡粪堆肥体系中氨气挥发释放速率及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,鸡粪堆肥的氨挥发强度在堆置后20d内最大,氨挥发速率最高达到0.28g/(kg·h),覆盖粘土能有效抑制堆体的氨挥发。覆盖处理中铵态氮有累积的现象,铵态氮浓度最高达到6.68g/kg,导致其pH值和电导率显著高于不覆盖处理。从全氮含量的变化来看,覆盖秸秆和篷布处理的氮素损失率分别为21.79%和19.78%,是对照处理的73.71%和66.91%,表现出良好的保氮效果。

The ammonia volatilization and influencing factors during the chicken manure composting was examined in this study,when the manure was covered by straw,tarpaulin and clay . The ammonia volatilization was measured by a chamber where the air was replaced 15~20 times per minute. The results showed that most NH3 emitted in the first 20 days,the highest emission rate was 0.28 g/（kg·h）. The manure covered with clay had the lowest NH3 emission,NH＋4-N in the covered treatments would accumulate,and the pH and EC were higher than the uncovered treatments significantly. Chicken manure compost covered by straw or tarpaulin would have the lowest nitrogen loss. The nitrogen loss rate during chicken composting was 21.79% and 19.78%,when the manure was covered by straw and tarpaulin,respectively;which were 73.71% and 66.91% of the control experiment （29.56%） after 49 days composting.