规模化奶牛场乳腺炎预防研究

Prevention of Mastitis on the Large Scale Milk Cow Farms

[目的]为了降低规模化奶牛场乳腺炎发病率，提高奶牛生产性能。[方法]在干奶期对规模化奶牛场奶牛日粮添加盐酸左旋咪唑7．5mg／kg体重和亚硒酸钠维生素E10g／次·头的不同处理方法预防下一胎次乳腺炎的研究。[结果]表明：盐酸左旋咪唑组、亚硒酸钠维生素E组、盐酸左旋咪唑和亚硒酸钠维生素E组与对照组相比，下一胎次产犊后90d内的平均产奶量分别高1．3kg、1．5kg和2．5kg（P〈0．01）；盐酸左旋咪唑组、亚硒酸钠维生素E组间差异不显著，但两者同时使用具有加性效应，可进一步显著提高产奶量（P〈0．05）；下一胎次产犊后15～90d平均隐性乳腺炎阳性率减少6．6、9．2、15．9个百分点，差异极显著（P〈0．01），盐酸左旋咪唑组、亚硒酸钠维生素E组隐性乳腺炎阳性率差异不显著（P〉0．05），但与盐酸左旋咪唑加亚硒酸钠维生素E组间有显著差异（P〈0．05）；下一胎次产犊后90d内牛奶中体细胞数（SCC）平均分别减少7．4万／mL、9万／mL和13．2万／mL，分别降低了13．8％、16．8％、和24．7％，各组间差异极显著（P〈0．01）。[结论]说明盐酸左旋咪唑和亚硒酸钠在干奶期添加具有良好的降低乳房炎和提高产奶量的作用。

[Objective]In order to reduce the incidence of mastitis and to improve the dairy production performance on the large scale milk cow farms. [Method]Different process of the hydrochloric acid levamisole 7.5 mg per kilogram body weight and the sodium selenite vitamin E 10 g/d per cow were carried out during the dry period to prevent clinical mastitis in the next production time demonstrated. [Result]The resuits showed that, compared with the control group, the average milk yield of 90 days after the next calf production could be increased by 1.3 kg,1.5 kg and 2.5 kg in the hydrochloric acid levamisole group, the sodium selenite vitamin E group, the hydrochloric acid levamisole and the sodium selenite vitamin E group and the control group （ P 〈0.01）. The difference between the hydrochloric acid levamisole group and the sodium selenite vitamin E group was not significant. But there was additive effect when they were used at the same time, which could increase the milk yield significantly（ P〈0.05）. The average recessive mastitis positive rate of 15--90 days after the next calf production decreased by 6.6,9.2,15.9 percent, which was significantly different （ P 〈0.01）. The recessive mastitis positive rate between the hydrochloric acid levamisole group and the sodium selenite vitamin E group was not significant（ P 〉0.05）, there was significant difference between the hydrochloric acid levamisole and the sodium selenite vitamin E group （ P〈 0.05）. The average SCC number in milk after 90 days of next calf production decreased by 74 thousand / ml, 90 thousand/ml and 132 thousand /ml, decreased 13.8% and 16.8% and 24.7% respectively. The differences between each group were significant （ P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]The hydrochloric acid levamisole and sodium selenite vitamin E had good effect on preventing the mastitis and improving the milk yield.