腐植酸钾-凹凸棒-聚丙烯酸复合树脂的吸液性能

The Study on the Water Absorption Ability of Potassium Humate/Attapulgite Clay/Polyacrylic Acid Composite Superabsorbent

以过硫酸钠-亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,N,N′-亚甲基丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用静态溶液聚合制备了腐殖酸钾-凹凸棒-聚丙烯酸复合吸水树脂.研究了凹凸棒、腐殖酸钾对复合吸水树脂吸蒸馏水倍率、吸盐水倍率以及吸水速率的影响,并对比了各种复合吸水树脂的吸液性能.结果表明,当凹凸棒含量由5%增至40%时,复合树脂吸蒸馏水和吸盐水倍率呈快—缓—快的变化趋势,其中凹凸棒含量由10%增至20%时,吸液倍率变化不大,复合树脂的吸水速率则先增大后下降,凹凸棒土用量为10%,复合树脂的吸水速率最快.腐植酸钾的加入可提高树脂的吸蒸馏水倍率、吸盐水倍率和吸水速率.复合改性前后的吸液性能从大到小依次为:腐植酸钾复合吸水树脂(w(腐植酸钾)=5%)>腐植酸钾/凹凸棒/聚丙烯酸三元复合吸水树脂(w(凹凸棒)=20%,w(腐植酸钾)=5%)>聚丙烯酸树脂吸水树脂>凹凸棒复合吸水树脂(w(凹凸棒)=20%).

A composite superabsorbent（c-SAP） was prepared from the mixtures of potassium humate（PH）/attapulgite/acrylic acid（AA）,with sodium persulfate and sodium hydrogen sulfite as initiator,N,N′-methylene-bis-acylamide as crosslinking agent,by means of static water solution copolymerization.The effects of PH content and attapulgite content on the water absorption ability of c-SAP were investigated.It turned out that,when attapulgite content increases from 5% to 40%,the distilled water or wB=0.9% NaCl solution absorption of c-SAP increases first,then decrease slowly, and last decrease fastly. The water absorbency rate both in distilled water and in wB = 0.9% NaCl solution increases with increasing a small amount of attapulgite when the content is less than wB = 10%, and then decreased with further increasing attapulgite content to ws = 40%. Incroporation of PH had remarkable influence on the improvement of water absorbency and swelling rate of the c-SAP. The water absorbencies for these composite superabsorbents were in the order PH/PA （ w （PH） = 5% ） 〉 PH/attapulgite/PA （ w （ attapulgite ） = 20%, w （PH） = 5 % ） 〉 PA 〉 attapulgite/PA （ w （ attapulgite ） = 20 % ）.