女性主义文学批评视野中的《荒原》解读

An Interpretation on The Waste Land from the Perspective of Feminist Literary Criticism

长期以来,不同的评论者运用了不同的批评方法对《荒原》进行了不同的解读,并提出了令人眼花缭乱的见解。文章试图应用女性主义文学批评的性别理论对《荒原》进行新的解读和诠释。仔细研读全诗发现:生不如死的人生,无情无爱的婚姻,颓废与堕落的生活是诗中所有女性人物的特征和写照。《荒原》中的男性人物则表现出精神与肉体的畸形脱节,他们要么"有灵无身",要么"有身无灵"。女性人物象征着圣杯的迷失,男性人物象征着利剑的扭曲;扭曲的利剑已经不能坚定地指向圣杯所在的方向。当所有的男人和女人只剩下性的差别,当他们只为情欲而存在的时候,这个世界必然会成为比地狱更可怕的荒原。只有双性同体,实现男女两性的融合和互补,人类才能获得新生,荒原才能得到拯救。

With the cited works, the rich allusions, ten by T. S. Eliot, is complicated and very hard to and the obscure language, The Waste Land, the poem writunderstand. Since its publication, many critics have made a variety of interpretations with different literary criticism methods. Using the feminist literary criticism, this paper attempts to make a new interpretation. All of the female characters in the poem have common problems, including empty and insignificant life, emotionless and hopeless marriage, decadent and degenerate life; all of the male characters show the mental and physical deformity. The female characters represent the losing of the Holy Grail, and the male characters stand for the twisting of the sword. Both of the symbols mean that the world has been changed into The Waste Land. If all the men and women only have the difference of sex, and they only quest for their strong lust, the whole world will become more terrible than hell. Only by androgyny, men and women can achieve the integration and complementarity, thus mankind will reborn and The Waste Land can be saved.