汉语用身份称谓表达对称方式探析

Identity Expressions Referring to the Listener in the Face-to-face Dialogue

汉语表达对称的方式丰富多样,显示出汉语强大的表达力。身份称谓是其中的一种,大都带有一定的尊敬意味。以古代汉语、近代汉语和现代汉语三个时期的著作《世说新语》、《水浒传》、《茶馆》等为语言材料,对汉语用身份称谓表达对称的方式进行历时研究,可以得出结论:从古到今,用身份称谓表达对称的形式有沿袭,也有创新,其中传达的信息既有对被称呼者社会地位和身份的肯定和尊重,也有"官本位"思想的反映。

Expressions referring to the listener in the face - to - face dialogues are rich, which shows great power of Chinese. Identity expression is just one kind with honorific color. Taking some materials from the master pieces Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Outlaws of the Marsh and Tea House as examples of three periods of China （ ancient period, modem period, contemporary period）, it is found that identity expressions were used long ago. However, in the process this method was also innovated. Those expressions were often employed to affirm the social position and identity of the listener. At the same time, officer - based thinking was also reflected in those expressions.