土大黄对云南省滇西北高山草地生物多样性的影响

EFFECT OF RUMEX ON ALPINE RANGELAND BIODIVERSITY IN NW YUNNAN PROVINCE

2009年9月,用点样(Point Quatfats)法调查了云南省滇西北贡山县迪麻村色娃龙巴高山牧场的4种不同土大黄覆盖率群落的空间垂直分布,并采用Shannon’s多样性指数(H)和均匀性指数(EH)对物种和群落多样性进行了分析。结果表明,云南省滇西北高山牧场有比较丰富的牧草资源,共25种;中等和中上等的土大黄覆盖率群落里具有最多的物种丰富度和最高的物种多样性指数,同时也具有高的物种均衡性;其次是高等的土大黄覆盖率群落;低等的土大黄覆盖率群落里则具有最低的物种丰富度和物种多样性指数。这些结果表明,土大黄对高山草地的生物多样性的影响并不明显,造成高山草地生物多样性变化的主要原因是家畜的放牧强度和频率。

The spatial distribution of four different kinds of Rumex nepalensis cover community in Sewalongba Valley, an important alpine summer rangeland in Dimaluo village, Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan Province, were investigated with the point quatrats in September 2009 ; their community diversity and species diversity were analyzed by Shannong Diversity Index （H） and Equitability （evenness） （EH）. It was showed by the results that there were 25 species within the study plots. The moderate and moderate - high Rumex areas had the highest species richness and diversity and high species evenness, followed by the high Rumex areas. The lowest species richness and diversity was in the low Rumex sites These results indicated that the effect of Rumex on biodiversity is not quite so clear, and the main reasons for the rangeland biodiversity losses are the grazing intensity and frequency.