由魏晋人物画看传统水墨人物形象

Scaning the Images of Traditional Ink Figure Paintings from the Figure Paintings of the Wei-Jin Dynasties

在中国传统绘画的三大画种中,人物画扮演着一个很重要的角色,魏晋时代的绘画及画论则代表着中国绘画艺术中出现的自觉精神——要使人的形象成为一种充满内在活力的现实存在。魏晋时代对美的自觉,是由人自身形象之美开始的。当时的绘画以人物为主,而这种人物画是由人伦鉴识(即在玄学,实际是在庄学精神启发之下,由一个人的形而把握到人的神,也即是由人的第一形象而发现人的第二形象)转换后所追求的形象之美,而这种艺术形象之美,乃是以庄学的生活情调为其内容的。魏晋及其以后的人物画,则主要通过形象以表现被画的人物之神来决定其意味、价值,求意义价值于绘画自身之外。

Figure paintings play an important role in the three kinds of Chinese traditonal paintings. Painting and painting theo~ of the Wei-Jin Times represented conscientious spirit that appear in Chinese painting art -- it makes the image of people become the reality full of internal strength. The consciousness of beauty in the Wei-Jin times began paintings mainly expressed people showing the beauty of people ＇ s serf-image. This kind of figure painting was the image beauty of ethical appretiation. Figure paintings in Wei-Jin and those after had their significance and value mainly through the spirit of the figure expressed by the image, seeking the significance and value just beyond the painting itself.