摘要
预构皮瓣是按一定的设想设计,通过手术将皮瓣预先加工,改造成符合一定要求,具有一定功能和特性的皮瓣,使其更便于修复器官缺损,更好地恢复缺损器官的功能与形态。在皮瓣内植入轴型血管、大网膜或肌肉,将随意皮瓣变成轴形血管皮瓣,扩大了游离皮瓣供区的选择,这一技术已逐渐被广大整形外科医生所重视,并视为整形外科领域又一个新进展。1994年Prifag将血管植入皮瓣形成的轴型皮瓣称为预构皮瓣(prefabrication),而将在皮瓣中填加骨、软骨等进行器官再造称为预置(prelamination),我们姑且将二者合在一起,统称为预构皮瓣。现已在临床应用的预构皮瓣有:预构皮瓣鼻成形术、预构皮瓣耳成形术、预构皮瓣眼睑成形术、预构皮瓣阴茎成形术、预构大网膜轴型皮瓣、预构血管植入轴型皮瓣、预构肌皮瓣、预构扩张皮瓣等等,均获得了良好的临床效果。
Prefabricated skin flap is a kind of skin flapaccording to specified requirement, with special functionand properties. It is maken following specified idea anddesign in advance of transfer by operation, so that thefunction and structure of beneficial organs can be recoveredbetter. To implant vessel into skin flap so that the randompattern skin flap can be turned into axial pattern skin flap,the choice of donor sites of free skin is increased. As a newtechnique in the field of plastic surgery, the prefabricatedskin flap has been accepted widely nowadays. In 1994 Julian J Pribaz proposed that prefabricationshould be restricted to its original meaning, i. e. the im-plantation of a vascular pedicle into a new territory and totransfer that tissue via its implanted pedicle; prelaminationshould be restricted to describe the implantation of tissuesuch as bone, cartilage, or devices into a skin flap prior to itstransfer But for discribed conveniently, we representedboth of the two modification of skin flap as prefabrication inthis essay. Up to now, a lot of prefabricated skin flap hasbeen applied in clinic, such as rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty,auroplasty, phalloplasty, reconstruction of organs withprefabricated greater omental axial pattern skin flap, asecondary axial pattern skin flap by means of vascular im-plantation into skin flap, with a secondary musculocuta-neous flap, or with expanded skin flap and so on. All ofthese have been achieved good clinical effects.
