阅读困难儿童的脑神经机制与认知技能缺陷分析

An Analysis of the Deficits of Reading Disabled Children on Neural Mechanism and Cognitive Skills

阅读困难儿童是学习困难中的一个特殊群体,他们在遗传、脑神经机制以及认知技能等多方面同普通儿童相比都存在差异,其中脑神经机制和认知技能的差异是研究者比较关注的两个方面。在脑神经机制方面,阅读困难儿童在脑结构和脑功能上存在异常;在认知技能方面,阅读困难儿童存在语言学范畴和非语言学范畴两个方面的缺陷。在对以上两个方面的差异与缺陷进行分析的基础上,对汉语阅读困难儿童未来的研究进行了展望。

Reading disabled children are a special group among children with learning disabilities. They are different from normal children in the genetic, neural and cognitive aspects, etc. Among these differences, more emphases have been put on neural and cognitive ones. On one hand, as to the neural mechanism, reading disabled children are abnormal in cerebral structures and functions; on the other hand, as to the cognitive skills, reading disabled children have deficits from inside linguistics category and outside linguistics category. Based on the above analysis, the trends of future studies on Chinese children with reading disability are tentatively anticipated.