唇腭裂婴儿术前鼻牙槽骨塑形治疗后鼻孔、牙槽和腭部裂隙的变化

The changes of the nostrils and the gaps of the cleft alveolar and palate in the infants with cleft lip and palate after presurgical nasoalveolar molding therapy

目的探讨鼻牙槽骨塑形器应用于完全性唇腭裂婴儿术前矫形的临床效果。方法通过对16例完全性唇腭裂婴儿进行术前鼻牙槽骨塑形矫治,记录治疗前后患侧鼻孔的宽度、高度,鼻小柱长度和上腭牙槽骨裂隙的变化,观察矫治效果。结果经过90～150d的治疗,9例双侧完全性唇腭裂婴儿和7例单侧完全性唇腭裂婴儿的鼻小柱长度和鼻孔宽度高度均有明显的改善,牙槽骨裂隙宽度和硬腭前部裂隙宽度均明显缩小。结论鼻牙槽塑形器能明显改善完全性唇腭裂婴儿的鼻翼和鼻小柱外观,减小牙槽骨和硬腭前部裂隙的宽度,有利于鼻部发育,减少手术难度,提高整复效果。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of presurgical nasoalveolar molding in complete cleft lip and palate infants. Methods Presurgical nasoalveolar molding was achieved in 16 infants with cleft lip and palate （7 unilateral and 9 bilateral）. The varieties of the width and the heights of nostrils, the lengths of columella, and the width of the cleft alveolar before and after the treatment were recorded. Results The heights of the nostrils and the lengths of the columella increased and the gap width of the cleft alveolar and the anterior part of cleft palate decreased in all patients after 90 - 150 days＇ treatment. Conclusions Presurgical nasoalveolar molding could significantly improve the nasal appearance and decrease the gap of alveolar and the anterior part of hard palate in patients with complete cleft lip and palate. It was beneficial to the development of the nose and the repair of the cleft lip and palate.