洛阳机场生境鸟类调查及鸟撞灾害生态防治

Ecological Investigation of Birds in Luoyang Airport and Prevention & Control of Bird Strike Disaster

为了预防和控制洛阳机场鸟撞事故,保证飞行安全,采用样线法对洛阳机场及周边地区的鸟类进行了为期12个月的调查。结果表明,洛阳机场鸟类属东洋界型6种占13.3%,古北界型20种占44.4%,广布型19种占42.3%;按鸟类季节居留状况,留鸟25种占55.6%,夏候鸟13种占28.9%,旅鸟7种占15.6%;按栖息生境统计,林地型分布18种占54.5%,湿地型分布7种占22.2%,村寨农地型7种占21.2%,草地型11种占33.3%。其中林地型为优势类型;树麻雀、家燕、小沙百灵、喜鹊、戴胜、赤颈鸫、纵纹腹小鸮、珠颈斑鸠等为优势种群。从生态学角度提出了鸟撞灾害生态防治的对策。

To manage the birds scientifically and guarantee the flight safety, the birds in the airport were investigated for 12 months. To prevent and control bird strike disaster, this study investigated the bird distribution around the Luoyang airport; the results showed that there are 6 species Oriental species, accounting for 13.3 %, 20 Palaearctic species, accounting for 44.4 %, 19 cosmopolitan species, accounting for 42.3 %. According to the status of bird residence,there are 25 species of residents,accounting for 55. 6%, 13 species of summer residents,accounting for 28.9%, 7 species of travelers,accounting for 15.6%. According to their ecological environment of inhabition, there are 18 species of （54.5 %）woodland bird, 7 species of （22.2%）wetland bird,7 species of （21.2%）village bird, 11 species of （33.3%）grassland bird, hereinto woodland distribution is the dominance. The dominant species include tree sparrow, house swallow, lesser shorttoed lark, magpie, hoopoe, red-necked thrush, athene noctus little owl ii , spotted dove et al.. These results provided the basic data for making the policy to prevent and control the bird strike disaster from the ecological view.