贵州烤烟种质资源主要特征特性的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Main Charateristics in Flue-cured Tobacco Germplasm in Guizhou Province

为进一步挖掘贵州烤烟种质资源潜力,给烤烟新品种选育创造条件,对贵州省烟草科学研究所保存的302份烤烟种质资源主要性状的遗传多样性进行了分析和比较。结果表明,4个形态性状、8个农艺性状、7个化学成分分析指标和6个评吸指标都存在着广泛的遗传多样性。烤烟品种资源在株高、茎围、节距、叶长、叶宽和大田生育期6个性状上的遗传多样性指数(H′)较高,存在较大的变异;在化学成分分析指标中,烟碱、总糖、总氮、钾、蛋白质5个指标性状的遗传多样性指数(H′)较高,表现较大的变异;在评吸结果中,香气质、吃味、杂气、评吸总分4个指标性状的遗传多样性指数(H′)较高,变异较大;并且形态特征性状内的变异也相当丰富,这些都是贵州烤烟种质资源遗传多样性的重要特征。

The genetic diversity of major characteristics in 302 flue-cured tobacco germplasm from Guizhou Tobacco Research Institute was analyzed and compared in this paper for their further utilization. The results showed that 4 morphological characters, 8 agronomic characters, 7 chemical constituents were wildly variant. The indexes of genetic diversity （H′） were relatively high on plant height, stalk circumference, pitch, leaf length, leaf width and growth duration after transplant. However, the H′ of nicotine, total sugar, total nitrogen, potassium and protein were highly aberrant. For the smoking results, the H′ of aroma quality, flavor, offensive odor, total score were aberrant, and the H′ among morphological characters were also abundant.