北方地区浅埋人防工程热负荷特点

Numerical investigation of cooling(heating) load characteristics for shallow buried underground construction located in northern area of China

为提高北方地区浅埋人防工程空调系统设计计算精度,以动态负荷的观点,探讨该类型工程的热负荷特征。采用统计方法分析了北方4城市(哈尔滨、长春、沈阳和北京)的典型气象年参数。以位于沈阳的某人防工程为例,运用二维数学模型计算了工程围护结构全年8 760 h的逐时传热量。计算过程中首先模拟计算了周围岩土层的温度,以该结果作为围护结构传热量计算的初始条件。热负荷的其他组成项中,假定人员和设备负荷为静态值,新风负荷则进行了动态计算。计算结果表明,北方地区浅埋型地下工程热负荷受工程外气象参数变化影响,也呈现出年周期性波动和日周期性波动。

To improve the accuracy of load calculation, the cooling （heating） load characteristics of shallow buried underground construction located in northern area of China were investigated in the perspective of dynamic load. The ＇epw＇ form TMY data of 4 cities （Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, and Beijing） were analyzed by statistics to understand the main meteorological features of northern China. A 2-dimensional mathematic model was built to simulate the year-round heat transfer process. The hour-by-hour numeric solutions of the 4 cities＇ ground temperature in different depths were generated by finite element method software, while the surface temperature as boundary condition was TMY data. The results were applied as the initial condition for the calculation of heat transfer quantities with the enclosure of underground building. In the case located in Shenyang city, the dynamic fresh air load was also calculated. However, for convenience in the discussion, the internal heat gain from light, people and equipments was set to static. The calculation result shows the periodic fluctuation characteristics of the load.