不同基因型冬小麦幼苗对缺锌的敏感性反应

Response of Zinc on Wheat Seedling of Different Sensitivity under Zinc Deficiency

采用砂培试验研究了不同小麦基因型对施锌的反应。通过比较小麦幼苗根冠比的大小(是否大于1),以及根据培养过程中植株的生长表现,将供试的25种小麦基因型划分为两类:即缺Zn敏感型和非敏感型。结果还表明,供Zn可以促进小麦地上部和根系的生长,均较大幅度提高了叶绿素SPAD值(25个小麦基因型中18个的增幅都超过10%),而根冠比则相对保持稳定。小麦种子中的锌含量、幼苗根冠比与小麦叶片叶绿素SPAD值之间均无显著性相关关系。由于地上部积累了较高浓度的Zn,缺Zn非敏感型可有效减轻缺Zn对其造成的危害。非敏感型与敏感型相比较,缺Zn条件下地上部和根系锌含量平均值分别高出96.6%和28.8%,而在供Zn条件下则高出47.6%和10.9%。施Zn对敏感型与非敏感型小麦体内磷含量并无显著性影响。小麦幼苗中P/Zn的大小主要受到小麦体内Zn含量变化的影响,与磷含量则无明显的关系。

The sand experiment was conducted to study the responses of different wheat genotypes on zinc supply.According to the comparison among the root to shoot ratios,based on whether the root to shoot ratios were more than 1 or less than 1,as well as the observation results were considered,the 25 genotypes of wheat were classified into two types,namely,susceptible genotypes and non-susceptible genotypes,this classification was mainly based on the severity and time of occurrence of zinc deficiency.The result showed that zinc supply could accelerate the growth of wheat shoot and root and increase the chlorophyll SPAD value（The increased range of 18 wheat genotypes among 25 genotypes were more than 10%）,the root shoot ratio hold the comparative stabilization.The correlation was not significant between the zinc content of seed and chlorophyll SPAD value,and between the root shoot ratio of seedling and chlorophyll SPAD value.Because zinc content in the shoot was relatively high,the zinc non-sensitivity type can mitigate effectively damage caused by zinc deficiency.The comparison between the zinc non-sensitivity and zinc sensitivity was carried out,the mean of zinc content in the shoot and root increased 96.6% and 28.8% under zinc deficiency,respectively;it increased 47.6% and 10.9% under zinc supply,respectively.Zinc supply could not affect phosphorus content of the non-zinc sensitivity and zinc sensitivity wheat plant.The P/Zn ratios were affected mainly by the change of zinc content in wheat plant and did not have obvious relation to phosphorus content.