阿奇霉素和克林霉素对发酵支原体和梨支原体致死性感染保护作用实验研究

The protective effect of azithromycin and clindamycin on the lethal infection induced by Mycoplasma fermentans and Mycoplasma pirum

目的制备阿奇霉素和克林霉素免疫缺陷大鼠发酵支原体(Mycoplasma fermentans,Mf)梨支原体(Mycoplas-ma pirum,Mpi)致死性感染保护模型,探讨抗生素对免疫缺陷大鼠Mf和Mpi致死性感染的保护的作用。试图为HIV免疫缺陷患者Mf和Mpi的致死性感染的治疗提供实验依据。方法81只清洁级SD大鼠。取60只隔日腹腔注射环磷酰胺(50mg/kg.d)制备免疫抑制大鼠,阿奇霉素和克林霉素保护试验组在腹腔注射0.6mL(3×2×108-9,Mf或Mpi)的同时肌肉注射阿奇霉素(50mg/kg.d)或克林霉素(50mg/kg.d),连续保护4d。免疫抑制Mf和Mpi攻击对照组(n=10)腹腔注射相同菌量的Mf或Mpi,非免疫抑制和NS对照组,腹腔分别注射相同剂量的Mf或Mpi和NS。计算各组致死率,比较显著性差异。死亡大鼠无菌解剖,取保护组和攻击组Mf和Mpi死亡大鼠以及非免疫抑制和NS对照组血液进行再培养,进而取保护组和再培养阳性攻击对照组(肺、心和肾)组织进行超微结构观察。结果阿奇霉素和克林素保护组大鼠存活率较攻击对照组比较均有显著提高(P<0.01);电镜结果显示阿奇霉素和克林霉素保护试验组大鼠的心、肺、肾组织结构显著改善。结论阿奇霉素和克林霉素对Mf、Mpi致死性感染有保护作用。

To investigate the protective effect of azithromycin and clindamycin on the immunosuppressive rats with lethal infection induced by Mycoplasma fermentans（Mf）and Mycoplasma pirum（Mpi）,so as to provide the experimental evidence for the treatment of the immunosuppressive patients,such as individuals infected with AIDS,who may have lethal infections caused by M.fermentans and M.pirum,81 SD rats were furnished,of which 60 rats were prepared to be immunosuppressive by intraperitoneal injection with cyclophosphamide（50mg/kg·d）every other day.The azithromycin-protected group and clindamycin-protected group of rats（n=10）,were firstly received 0.6 mL（3×2×108-9）of mycoplasma（Mf or Mpi）by intraperitoneal injection,and then received azithromycin（50mg/kg·d）and clindamycin（50mg/kg·d）respectively by intramuscular injection for the continuous 4 days.The non-protected group of rats（n=10）was received equal amo×unt of mycoplasma,and the non-immunosuppressive group（n=7）and the normal saline control group（n=7）received equal amount of M.fermentans and physiological saline solution respectively.The mortality rates of each group were evaluated and their significant differences were compared..The blood samples from each group of rats were taken for re-cultivation of the mycoplasma and the lung,heart and kidney samples of the dead rats were subjected to ultrastructural observation.It was found that significant difference existed in the survival rates between the protected groups and un-protected groups（P 0.01）.Ultrastructural observation showed that the structures of heart,lung and kidney tissues in protected rat were markedly improved in comparison with those of the un-protected group.It is evident that azithromycin and clindamycin can protect immunosuppression rat against the lethal infection caused by M.fermentans and M.pirum.