应激回弹力问卷在军人中的信效度研究

Reliability and validity of Connor-Davidson resilience scale in Chinese soldiers

目的用Connor和Davidson编制的回弹力问卷(Connor-Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)在军人样本中进行测量并研究其信效度。方法采用CD-RISC中文版、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应付方式问卷和创伤后应激障碍检查量表平时版(PCL-C)对1 800名军人进行测试。结果①探索性因素分析表明,军人应激回弹力问卷由15个项目组成,包括2个因素(坚韧性和适应性),累计方差解释率为43.148%;②回弹力各因素及总分与简易应对方式中积极应对和EPQ中内外向呈显著的正相关(r=0.347～0.474,P<0.01),与SCL-90的焦虑、抑郁、躯体化3个因子,PCL-C的再体验、回避、高唤醒3个因子及EPQ中神经质维度呈显著的负相关(r=-0.272～-0.142,P<0.01);③采用分组检验法,CD-RISC低分组的焦虑、抑郁、躯体化、PCL-C各因子得分及其总分均显著高于CD-RISC高分组(P<0.01);④总量表及各因子的Cronbach’sα内部一致性系数为0.767～0.816;⑤回弹力的两因子之间及各因子与总分之间的相关系数为0.640～0.913(P<0.01)。结论中文版15个项目的军人应激回弹力量表具有良好的信度和效度,适合用于测量军人的应激回弹力;个体回弹力水平能较好地预测个体应激后心理健康状况。

Objective To revise the Connor-Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC） and study its reliability and validity in Chinese soldiers.Methods Reliability and validity were detected in 1 800 Chinese soldiers with Chinese version CD-RISC,Eysenck personality questionnaires（EPQ）,self-report symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）,simplified coping style questionnaires and post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-civilian version（PCL-C）,respectively.Results The exploratory factor analysis showed that CD-RISC was composed of 15 items,including the tenacity and adaptability of soldiers.The accumulated variance explanation rate was 43.148%.The CD-RISC factors and total score were positively correlated with positive coping style and resilience in simplified coping style questionnaires and EPQ,but negatively correlated with anxiety,depression and somatolization in SCL-90,and re-experience,avoidance and high waking in PCL-C,and neural dimention in EPQ（P0.01）.The anxiety,depression and somatolization in SCL-90,and re-experience,avoidance and high waking in PCL-C were significantly higher in soldiers with a low CD-RISC score than in those with a high CD-RISC score（P0.01）.The consistency coefficient of total resilience scale and Cronbach＇s α of each factor was 0.767 to 0.816.The correlation coefficient between factors and the sum of resilience scale was 0.640 to 0.913（P0.01）.Conclusion The reliability and validity of Chinese version CD-RISC comprised of 15 items are rather good in Chinese soldiers.The resilience level can forecast individual＇s mental health state after stress.Positive coping style and personality characteristics of extraversion improve individual resilience.