脑干听觉诱发电位在阿尔茨海默病和老年精神分裂症患者中的应用

The clinical applications of brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with Alzheimer′s disease and schizophrenia

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病（ＡＤ）和老年精神分裂症（ＳＳ）脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）的特点。方法应用丹麦电生理仪及Ｃｌｉｃｋ短声刺激，测查３２例ＡＤ、３４例ＳＳ和４０名正常老年人（ＮＣ）的ＢＡＥＰ。结果ＡＤ组患者波形变异大，绝对潜伏期波Ⅲ、波Ⅳ和波Ⅵ明显延迟，主波绝对波幅波Ⅴ平均波幅分别低于ＳＳ组和ＮＣ组１８％和３４％，波Ⅱ、波Ⅳ、波Ⅴ、波Ⅵ和Ⅶ绝对波幅也显著低于ＳＳ组和ＮＣ组，与ＮＣ组间差异有显著性。ＳＳ组波Ⅲ、波Ⅵ绝对潜伏期较ＮＣ组延迟，绝对波幅波Ⅶ平均波幅低于ＮＣ组２０％。

Objective The study was to investigate the characteristics of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) in patients with Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and senile schizophrenics. Methods The BAEP was elicited from 32 AD patients, 34 senile schizophrenics and 40 normally agematched controls by presenting them clicks using a Dantec Concerto Instrument. Results The variability of BAEP waveform of AD patients became increased. The AD group presented prolonged III, IV and VI latencies, decreased II, IV, VI and VII amplitudes. The V amplitude was 18% lower than that of schizophrenics and 34% lower than that of normal controls. Compared with normal controls, schizophrenics showed prolonged III and VI latencies, and their VII amplitude was decreased by 20%.Conclusion The abnormal BAEP of these aged patients with AD and schizophrenia is suggested to be related to the brain area between the auditory nerves and the pons.