孤独症患者围产期危险因素的研究

A study of perinatal risk factors in patients with autism

目的探讨孤独症与围产期危险因素的关系。方法应用自制围产期调查表对孤独症、精神发育迟滞（ＭＲ）和正常对照组各８０例进行研究。结果与正常对照组相比，孤独症组有明显高的围产期危险因素出现率，其中尤以病毒性感染（χ２＝１６．６８，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＯＲ＝３．４９７）、难产或胎位异常（χ２＝１４．７６，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＯＲ＝４．６７６）等更为显著；而ＭＲ以较高的母孕年龄（ｔ＝２．８９，Ｐ＜０．０５）、先兆流产（χ２＝７．７４，Ｐ＜０．０５）居多。

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore the relations between the etiology and the perinatal risk factors in autism. Methods 80 autistic children, 80 mental retardation children, and 80 normal children were studied with the rating scale of perinatal risk factors. Results The autistic subjects had a significantly higher frequency of the perinatal risk factors, particularly the viral infection during their mothers′ pregnancy (χ2=16.68, P<0.01, OR=3.497), dystocia or abnormal presentation (χ2=14.76, P<0.01, OR=4.676), than the normal subjects. The mental retardation children had higher maternal age (t=2.8 9,P<0.05) and more vaginal bleeding during their mothers′ pregnancy (χ2=7.74,P<0.01). Conclusion Our results suggest that the autistic etiology may be related to the perinatal risk factors, which is compatible with the hypothesis of viral infections of autism.