摘要
语法化可分为词类的语法化和句法结构的语法化,从这两个层面并结合汉语史对动词"给"的语法化历程及其动因进行了考察与探讨。"给"有动词、介词和助词三种词类,词汇意义不断减弱。"使事物位移"(给1)演变为"允许某人做某事"(给2),在语法化历程中逐渐失去动作性,演变为"物体传递的方向、目标(介词给3、给4)",演变为"处置性、施事性标记(介词给5、给6)",演变为"强化及物性标记(助词给7)"。"给"在句法结构中的位置越来越非中心化,动词"给"处于句子中心位置;介词"给"后带名词宾语后处于中心动词之前,或介词"给"位于中心动词之后;助词"给"位于中心动词之前。
Grammaticalization consists of two levels：word-class grammaticalization and syntax structure grammaticalization. The thesis reviews and discusses grammaticalization process and motivation of verb ＂Gei＂ from the two levels combining with the history of Chinese. ＂Gei＂ has three word-classes of verb,preposition and auxiliary word,which include seven ＂Gei＂. The lexical meaning of ＂Gei＂ is gradually weaken. ＂Gei＂ in the syntactic structure is more and more non-centralization.
出处
《殷都学刊》
2009年第4期108-114,共7页
Yindu Journal
关键词
“给”
词类
句法结构
语法化
＂Gei＂
word-class
syntax structure
grammaticalization
