企鹅珍珠贝耗氧率和排氨率的研究

Oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates of Pteria penguin

采用室内实验生态学方法对企鹅珍珠贝的耗氧率和排氨率进行了研究。旨在为企鹅珍珠贝养殖容量（carrying capacity for aquaculture）的调查及育珠生理的研究提供参考,并可为海洋生态系统动力学和贝类能量学研究提供科学依据。研究结果表明,在实验温度（1333℃）范围内,企鹅珍珠贝的耗氧率（OR）和排氨率（NR）与体重（W）都呈负相关,可分别表示为Y1=a1^W-b1和Y2=a2^W-b2,其中,a1的取值范围是1.3304.128,b1的取值范围是0.4530.651,a2的取值范围是0.1500.354,b2的取值范围是0.4460.634。在实验室温度（1333℃）条件下,企鹅珍珠贝的耗氧率为0.3297.303 mg/（g·h）,排氨率为0.0350.489 mg/（g·h）,其中耗氧率在28℃时达到最高值,33℃时开始下降,而排氨率则呈持续升高趋势。企鹅珍珠贝呼吸和排泄Q10值范围分别为0.2102.494和1.1932.483。在2328℃温度范围内,不同规格企鹅珍珠贝的耗氧率和排氨率的比值（原子数O/N）较高。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对企鹅珍珠贝的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著的影响（P〈0.01）。企鹅珍珠贝的日常代谢明显高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高32.1%和76.7%。

The oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates of Pteria penguin were studied in laboratory,which contribute to investigate carrying capacity for Pteria penguin aquaculture,and to study physiology of cultivating pearls and ocean ecosystem dynamics and shellfish energetics.The results showed that the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates of Pteria penguin were negatively correlated with its body weight under the test temperature（13～33 ℃）,and their relationships could expressed by a power function as： Y1 = a1^W1―b1 and Y2 = a2^W2-b2,respectively,In both equations,a1 ranged from 1.330 to 4.128 4,and b1 from 0.453 to 0.651,and similarly,a2 ranged from 0.150 to 0.354,and b2 from 0.446 to 0.634.Under the test temperature（13～33 ℃）,the oxygen consumption rate ranged from 0.329 to 7.303 mg/（g·h）,and the ammonia-N excretion rate ranged from 0.035 to 0.489 mg/（g·h）.The oxygen consumption rate of Pteria penguin reached peak at 28 ℃,and began to decrease at 33 ℃,while the ammonia-N excretion rate continuously increased from 13 to 33 ℃.The respiratory and excretion Q10 ranged from 0.210～2.494 and 1.193～2.483,respectively.And,the higher O/N was observed between 23 and 28 ℃.ANOVA showed that body weight,water temperature and both interaction have significant effects on the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates of Pteria penguin（P〈0.01）.The routine metabolism of Pteria penguin under treatment was obvious higher than the standard metabolism,and the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates increased by 32.1% and 76.7%,respectively.