妊娠晚期高雄环境对子代雌鼠性腺发育及生殖功能的影响

Influence of androgen exposure in late trimester of pregnancy on gonad development and reproduction function of filial female rats

目的:通过观察妊娠晚期高雄环境对子代雌鼠性腺发育及生殖功能的影响,从而探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的可能致病因素。方法:16只妊娠Wistar大鼠被随机分为A、B两组各8只(A为实验组,B为对照组),A,B两组大鼠均取妊娠第15-20天的相同时间于颈部皮下分别注射等量丙酸睾丸酮和中性茶油,均于孕21天剖宫产,A组子代雌鼠14只,B组12只;观察子代雌鼠脐带血中睾酮(T)水平、出生体重、阴道开口时间和发情周期、出生100天时体重、乳房发育情况及卵巢、子宫的组织形态学改变。结果:①A组子鼠脐带血中睾酮(T)水平明显增高(P<0.05);②A组子鼠出生体重较B组明显降低,而出生100天时A组子代雌鼠体重明显高于B组(P<0.05);无明显发情周期;出生100天时乳房数明显低于B组;阴道开口时间较B组无明显差异③A组子代雌鼠子宫积水扩张明显,卵巢中闭锁卵泡较B组明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠晚期高雄环境下子代雌鼠表现出类似PCOS的性腺发育及生殖功能异常,推测妊娠晚期母体雄激素过高可能是PCOS的早期致病因素。

Objective：To investigate the pathogenesy of PCOS by studying the influences of androgen exposure in late trimester of pregnancy on gonad development and reproduction function of filial female rats. Methords： Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, 8 rats in each group. Group A were treated by testosterone propionate injection in a dose of 0.6mg/d on gestational d15～d20; Group B （control group） was injected with tea oil on gestational d15～d20. All rats were terminated on the 21th day. The T level of cord blood in filial female rats and their birth weight were detected; The vaginal opening and oestrous cycle of filial female rats were observed. The nipple number and weight of rats were average on postnatal day 100. The uterus and ovaries were reserved and observed. Results： ①The T level of cord blood in filial female rats of group A were significantly higher than that in group B （P〈0.05）. ②The birth weight of filial female rats in group A were significantly lower than that in group B, but the weight of filial female rats on postnatal day 100 in group A were higher than that in group B （P〈0.05）. The filial female rats in group A had no obviously oestrous cycle which had less nipples than group B. The age of vaginal opening were unaffected by androgen exposure in late trimester of pregnancy. ③Some filial female rats in group B showed hydrometra. The filial female rats in group A had a lot of atretic follicle on the postnatal day 100 （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Androgen exposure in late trimester of pregnancy can induce the gonad development and reproduction function of filial female rats, such as the manifest of PCOS; Late-treated prenatal androgenization may be the early etiological factor of PCOS.