环孢素致慢性肾毒性研究进展

Cyclosporine-induced chronic nephrotoxicity Progress

环孢霉素A一种真菌代谢产物,由11个氨基酸组成,能够有效减轻排斥反应,延长移植物半衰期,是临床应用的主要免疫抑制剂,被广泛应用于器官移植及一些免疫性疾病,明显改善了器官和骨髓移植者的生存率,然而也伴随着严重的副作用,慢性肾毒性尤为突出,发生率高(30%～74%),对肾脏而言,将损害移植肾脏本身。慢性肾毒性的最终表现为肾小管萎缩,肾小球硬化,间质纤维化等,但其分子机制目前仍不清楚。

Cyclosporine A is a kind of fungus metabolite, consisting of 11 amino acids, which can effectively reduce rejection and extend the half-life of transplanted organ. It is the main clinical immunosuppressive, is widely used in organ transplants and a number of autoimmune diseases , which greatly improved the survival rate of organ and bone marrow transplant recipients, but its serios side effects have gradually been recognized, especially the chronic nephrotoxicity. The high incidence （30% ～70% ）will damage the transplanted kidneys. The ultimate clinical performance of chronic nephrotoxicity are tubular atrophy, glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear.