呼吸机相关性肺炎病原学及其耐药的研究进展

Research Progress of Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance for Ventilator-associated Pneumonia

呼吸机相关性肺炎是有创机械通气患者常见而严重的并发症。早发性呼吸机相关性肺炎致病菌以铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎链球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、葡萄球菌多见;迟发性常由多重耐药菌、条件致病菌或二重感染导致,包括铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属、葡萄球菌和真菌。随着广谱抗生素的广泛应用,产酶菌日益增多,耐药情况日趋严重,及早合理治疗尤为重要。

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is one of the most severe and commom complications of ventilation patients. Most pathogens of early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia are pseudomonas aerugino sa, streptococcus pneumoniae ,klebsiella pneumoniae ,haemophilus influenzae ,staphylococcus ;tardive-onset vent- ilator-assoeiated pneumonia is caused by muhi-drug resistant bacteria, opportunistic pathogens, Superinfeetion,including pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter, staphylococcus and fungal. With the broad-spectrum antibiotics being the most widely used,lhe pathogenic bacteria of enzymes-producing and the drug resistant rates to antibiotics are slowly increasing. It is very important for the application of antibiotics reasonablity according to the drug sensitivity test to achieve the therapeutic effect.