退耕还林对铜川市农村经济结构的影响研究

Influence of returning cultivated land to forestland and grassland on rural economic structure in Tongchuan city,Shaanxi Province

通过对铜川市自实施退耕还林政策以来农村经济结构的变化进行分析,指出铜川市积极响应国家的政策号召,有计划的实施退耕还林,1999年至2006年平均每年造林和退耕造林面积分别为16.91×103hm2和4.19×103hm2。耕地面积的减小,有力地促进了铜川市农村经济结构的变化,农作物的播种面积和粮食播种面积降低,促进了粮食亩产量和经济作物种植面积的增加;退耕还林还草增加了牧草和饲料产量,为铜川市后续产业—畜牧业的发展奠定了物质基础,成为铜川市发展当地经济的支点;退耕还林促进了铜川市林业的持续发展,经济林建设有了很大的发展;而且退耕还林还促进了铜川市农村劳动力内部结构调整,大量农村剩余劳动力从农业中摆脱出来,从事多种经营和副业生产,加快了区域经济的持续发展,有力地促进了农民经济收入的提高。

The rural economic structure of Tonfchuan city since implement the project of returning cultivated land to forestland and grassland was analyzed, the results Showed that the project improved the rural economic structure of Tongchuan city. the average area of forestation and returning cultivated land to forestland were 16.91 × 10^3hm^2 and 4.19 × 10^3hm^2 every year respectively from 1999 to 2006. The cultivated land area was decreased, and the sowing areas were reduced, but the grain yields and the area of economic crops were increased. The yield of fine posture and feed was enhanced, which established the material foundation to develop the follow - up industry - animal husbandry. The forestry development was advanced because of the project, and the economic wood construction acquired a very big development. The rural labor inner structure was improved, and a lot of rural surplus labor was transferred to engage in diversified businesses and subsidiary production to speed up economic development to increase economic income of peasant in Tongchuan city.