渭河下游河流沿线区域生态风险评价及管理研究

Study on Regional Ecological Risk Assessment and Management in Catchment Area along the Weihe River

以陕西渭河下游河流沿线区域为研究区,利用3S技术和多种数学建模及现代地理学中的数学方法,在美国生态风险评价的理论框架和区域生态风险评价的方法步骤下,对研究区进行了基于干旱、洪水、污染、水土流失4种风险源的综合生态风险评价。结果表明,高风险区主要分布在渭河干流、黄河小北干流、泾河和灞河的一级缓冲区内;低风险区主要位于植被覆盖度高的秦岭北坡海拔1300m以上的山地区和西安及高陵县内的部分地区。由于生态风险评价的最终目的是为环境管理提供数量化的决策依据和理论支持,因此最后对不同级别的风险区提出了具体的风险管理对策。

Taking the catchment area along the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province as a study area, by using 3S techniques, a variety of mathematical models and methods, under the theoretical framework and method＇s steps of American Ecological Risk Assessment and Regional Ecological Risk Assessment, general ecological risk was assessed on the basis of four risk sources of drought, flood, pollution and soil erosion. The results showed the high risk regions chiefly laid in the first buffer of mainstream in Weihe, northern Yellow River, Jinghe River and Bahe River. The low risk regions located in Xian city and Gaaling county partly, along with mountainous region above 1 300 m on northern slope of Qinling Mountain. As the final aim of ecological risk assessment was to provide the digital-and-quantitative decision-making basis and theoretical support for environmental management, the research finally proposes material risk management suggestions for risk region of different grades respectively.